Let’s suppose you’re starting a hike at A and heading for Q. Here are the colors on a map and what they represent! COMMON MAP SYMBOLS Primary highway Overpass - Underpass Secondary highway Buildings School - church Light-duty road Woodland Unimproved road Trail Orchard Railroad: single track Scrub Railroad: double track Well water – spring Bridge Rapids Tunnel March (swamp) Falls Footbridge The most useful feature on a map is the use of _. So if you learn the symbols, you will be able to read and understand any map. Symbols Today, cartographers use standard symbols. Sometimes they would try to disguise their symbols so that you needed to know the code to decipher them. Early map makers (Cartographers) once used their own symbols. Symbols Symbols on Topographical maps are always the same. On a map, many of those features are represented by symbols. How do you make a map make sense? If you flew over an area, you could look down and see roads, rivers, fields, forests, cities, and towns. ORIENTING THE MAP What does this mean? For a map to be useful, the map must correspond to the lay of the land and the user must have a knowledge of direction and how the map relates to the cardinal directions. Map symbols describe terrain, man-made landmarks, and elevation.The scale of the map will be printed on it.The top of a map is always north, the bottom south Distance.What information can be learned from a map? Directions. Topographic maps are also called “quadrangle” maps because they enclose a four-sided area.From the Greek word Topos (place) and Graphein (to draw).The most useful maps for hiking are called Topographic Maps. A map is a picture of a piece of land as it would look from the air.NOTE: You will be off about 90 feet per mile for each degree you are off.Now, can anybody tell me how many bearings are on a compass?.HOW TO TAKE A BEARING Can anybody tell me what a bearing is? MAP AND COMPASS Direction of Travel Arrow Magnifying Glass Dial or Graduation ring Bearing Index Compass needle – Red points North Orienting Arrow and fluorescent dots North-south lines or orienting lines Orienteering style compass was invented in 1933.LENSMATIC, ENGINEERING or MILITARY STYLE.NOT FOR SCOUTING – Not in the Scouts Handbook.

FIXED DIAL and DIGITAL GOOD FOR ZIPPER PULLS.It makes one self-reliant and confident in the outdoors.Why Would the Boy Scouts Teach the Use of Map and Compass?

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